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Lecturer(s)
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Svoboda Petr, prof. Ing. Ph.D.
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Kalendová Alena, doc. Ing. Ph.D.
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Course content
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1. Filtration. Suspension. Filtration equipment. Cake filtration. Driving force of filtration. Washing of the filter cake. Drying. Preparation of the filter for next filtering. Batch and continuous filtration. Filtering medium and filter types. 2. Weight and volume balance during filtration. Kinetics of cake filtration. Calculation of filter constants. Filtration at constant speed. Filtration at constant pressure difference. 3. Enthalpy balance. Forms of energy. Energy associated with changes in temperature. Energy related to phase changes. Chemical energy related to changes in composition. 4. First law of thermodynamics - the balance of a closed system. Reference condition. Endothermic and exothermic chemical reactions. Specific heat capacity. 5. Distillation and rectification. Molar fraction of the more volatile component in the vapor phase. Calculation of vapor-liquid equilibrium. Isobaric diagram (temperature - composition) isobaric distribution diagram (mole fractions). 6. The azeotrope. Vapor pressure. Raoult's law. Relative volatility. Antoine equation. Boiling point. The creation of saturated steam. Condensation temperature. Iterative solution of nonlinear equation. Obtaining necessary data from tables with the help of interpolation or regression. 7. Sedimentation. Forces influencing the particle movement. Sedimentation speed. Archimede criterion. 8. Mixing. Mechanical, pneumatic, hydraulic stirring. Static mixers. Mixing efficiency. Reduced speed and high-speed mixers. 9. Evaporators. Increasing of the concentration of nonvolatile components. Thickening of the solutions. Roberts and Kestner evaporators. Arrangement - parallel flow and counter-flow. 10. Extraction. Extraction of active ingredients from plants. Liquid extraction. Extract - raffinate. 11. Absorption. Elution of gaseous impurities into the solvent. Carbonated beverage carbonation. 12. Drying. Kinetics of the drying. Contact, microwave, infrared dryers. The critical moisture content of the material. Drying speed. 13. Rate of diffusion. Diffusion coefficient. Rate of change in concentration along the diffusion direction - the driving force of diffusion. 14. Concentration gradient. Fick's first and second law of diffusion.
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Learning activities and teaching methods
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Lecturing, Dialogic (Discussion, conversation, brainstorming), Simple experiments
- Preparation for examination
- 210 hours per semester
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| prerequisite |
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| Knowledge |
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| Knowledge of mathematics, physics and chemistry. |
| Knowledge of mathematics, physics and chemistry. |
| learning outcomes |
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| calculation of parameters for constant velocity or constant vacuum filtration |
| calculation of parameters for constant velocity or constant vacuum filtration |
| enthalpy balance calculations |
| enthalpy balance calculations |
| distillation - liquid-vapor equilibrium, quantitative evaluation of parameters |
| distillation - liquid-vapor equilibrium, quantitative evaluation of parameters |
| numerical solution of complex equations for distillation and diffusion |
| numerical solution of complex equations for distillation and diffusion |
| evaluation of extraction kinetics |
| evaluation of extraction kinetics |
| Skills |
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| performing a sedimentation experiment - calculation of the theoretical sedimentation rate |
| performing a sedimentation experiment - calculation of the theoretical sedimentation rate |
| diffusion - processing of data from the diffusion of leather immersed in NaCl |
| diffusion - processing of data from the diffusion of leather immersed in NaCl |
| measuring thermal conductivity - evaluation of the data in Excel using the "Solver" function |
| measuring thermal conductivity - evaluation of the data in Excel using the "Solver" function |
| drying - regression of the drying curve with the model equation |
| drying - regression of the drying curve with the model equation |
| filtration - calculation of filtration constants for different vacuum pressures |
| filtration - calculation of filtration constants for different vacuum pressures |
| teaching methods |
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| Knowledge |
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| Lecturing |
| Lecturing |
| Dialogic (Discussion, conversation, brainstorming) |
| Dialogic (Discussion, conversation, brainstorming) |
| Skills |
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| Simple experiments |
| Simple experiments |
| Practice exercises |
| Practice exercises |
| assessment methods |
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| Knowledge |
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| Grade (Using a grade system) |
| Composite examination (Written part + oral part) |
| Composite examination (Written part + oral part) |
| Grade (Using a grade system) |
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Recommended literature
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Hasal, P., Schreiber, I., Šnita, D. Chemické inženýrství I.. Praha, 2007. ISBN 978-80-7080-002-7.
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Oldřich Holeček. Chemicko-inženýrské tabulky. Praha, 2007. ISBN 978-80-7080-444-5.
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Schreiberová, L. Chemické inženýrství I.. Praha, 2011. ISBN 978-80-7080-778-1.
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