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Lecturer(s)
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Kutálková Eva, RNDr. Ph.D.
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Course content
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1. Atomic structure: discovery of the radioactivity, discovery of the electron, discovery of the atomic nucleus. 2. Old quantum theory: planetary model of the atom, Bohr's model of the hydrogen atom, Mendeleev periodic system. 3. Atomic spectra: emission and absorption optical spectra of the atom, emission and absorption X-ray atomic spectra, spectral analysis. 4. Fundamentals of nuclear physics: radioactive decay, nuclear reactions, nuclear fission and fusion. 5. The wave-particle dualism: the de Broglie's hypothesis, Young's double slit experiment with classical particles, waves and microobjects. 6. The postulates and the mathematical apparatuss of quantum mechanics: wave function, priciple of superposition, expansion in eigenfunctions,Hermite operators representing physical quantities, measurements in microworld. 7. The Schrödinger equation: the time development of the state of a microobject, general Schrödinger equation, the stationary Schrödinger equation. 8. Simple (square) potential models: energy quantization, tunel effect, resonance capture. 9. Applications: autoemission, thermoemission, contact potential, radioactivity 10. Approximation methods: discontinuous potentials, perturbation and variation methods. 11. The hydrogen atom: energy spectrum, geometrical visualisation of the charge density. 12. Spin: spin hypothesis, spin effects in the hydrogen atom. 13. Quantum mechanics of multiparticle systems : indistinguishability principle, the exchange interaction, boson and fermion systems, the Pauli exclusion principle. 14. Atoms with more electrons: the Mendeleev periodic system. Chemical bond.
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Learning activities and teaching methods
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Lecturing, Practice exercises
- Home preparation for classes
- 15 hours per semester
- Participation in classes
- 42 hours per semester
- Preparation for course credit
- 13 hours per semester
- Preparation for examination
- 20 hours per semester
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| prerequisite |
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| Knowledge |
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| Basic knowledge of vector calculus, differential and integral calculus is assumed as well as basics knowledge of the physics. |
| Basic knowledge of vector calculus, differential and integral calculus is assumed as well as basics knowledge of the physics. |
| learning outcomes |
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| explain the structure of the atom and the formation of spectra |
| explain the structure of the atom and the formation of spectra |
| describe the basic concepts of nuclear physics |
| describe the basic concepts of nuclear physics |
| explain the Schrödinger equation |
| explain the Schrödinger equation |
| explain the tunnel phenomenon |
| explain the tunnel phenomenon |
| describe atoms with multiple electrons: Mendeleev's periodic table |
| describe atoms with multiple electrons: Mendeleev's periodic table |
| Skills |
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| calculate the emission spectrum of a hydrogen atom |
| calculate the emission spectrum of a hydrogen atom |
| calculate the age of the sample based on radioactive decay |
| calculate the age of the sample based on radioactive decay |
| solve the Schrödinger equation for simple jump potentials |
| solve the Schrödinger equation for simple jump potentials |
| analyse Mendeleev's periodic table |
| analyse Mendeleev's periodic table |
| graphically represent the charge density of an atom |
| graphically represent the charge density of an atom |
| teaching methods |
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| Knowledge |
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| Lecturing |
| Lecturing |
| Demonstration |
| Demonstration |
| Skills |
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| Practice exercises |
| Practice exercises |
| Dialogic (Discussion, conversation, brainstorming) |
| Dialogic (Discussion, conversation, brainstorming) |
| assessment methods |
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| Knowledge |
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| Oral examination |
| Oral examination |
| Grade (Using a grade system) |
| Grade (Using a grade system) |
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Recommended literature
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FEYNMAN, R.P. Feynmanovy přednášky z fyziky - revidované vydání - 1. díl. Praha: Fragment, 2024. ISBN 978-80-253-7063-6.
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FEYNMAN, R.P. Feynmanovy přednášky z fyziky - revidované vydání - 3. díl. Praha: Fragment, 2024. ISBN 978-80-253-7065-0.
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FORMÁNEK, J. Úvod do kvantové teorie. Část I. 2. upr. a rozš. vyd.. Praha: Academia, 2004. ISBN 80-200-1176-5.
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FORMÁNEK, J. Úvod do kvantové teorie. Část II.. Praha: Academia, 2004. ISBN 80-200-1176-5.
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HALLIDAY, D., RESNICK, R., WALKER, J. Fundamentals of Physics Extended. Wiley, 2010. ISBN 978-0470469088.
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HALLIDAY, D., RESNICK, R., WALKER, J. Fyzika 1, 2. Překlad 8. vyd. Dotisk.. Brno: VUTIUM, 2021. ISBN 978-80-214-4123-1.
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PIŠÚT, J., GOMOLČÁK, L., ČERNÝ, V. Úvod do kvantovej mechaniky. Bratislava: FMFI UK, 2008. ISBN 978-80-89186-33-4.
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SKÁLA, L. Úvod do kvantové mechaniky. 2. vyd.. Praha: Academia, 2011. ISBN 978-80-2462-022-0.
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