|
Lecturer(s)
|
|
|
|
Course content
|
1. Introduction to the subject of glass technology. 2. Glass, vitreous state, glass structure. 3. Properties of molten glasses - viscosity, surface tension, density, crystallization ability. 4. Glass properties 1 - mechanical properties (glass strength, hardness and brittleness), thermal properties (temperature expansion, thermal conductivity and specific heat capacity). 5. Glass strain, charge, glass raw materials. Batch preparation and its establishment. 6. Staining of glass in mass, raw materials - dyes, their distribution, cause of coloration. Examples of staining. 7. Basics of glass melting I: - chemical reactions during glass melting, dissolution of solid substances in the melt, principles of crystallization and gas solubility. 8. Basics of glass melting II: - flow and homogenization of enamel, sowing of enamel and its finishing. 9. Ecology of melting and evaporation of volatile components. 10. 10. Melting aggregates - their division according to the method of operation, regeneration and heat recovery, used refractory materials, glass pans. 11. Gas and all-electric studio glass furnaces, their advantages and use. Smelting in a studio ladle furnace. 12. Manual shaping of enamel I: glassmaking tools and accessories, the principle of filling and shaping glass on a pipe, meaning ring, principles of enamel collection and treatment. 13. Manual shaping of enamel II: glassmaking tools and accessories, the principle of filling and shaping glass on a pipe, meaning low thermal conductivity of the ring, principles of taking and treating enamel, glass molds, requirements for them, types forms and their characteristics. The student will understand glass as a material with exceptional use for artistic purposes. This is due to the properties of glass and theirs connections with the composition of the glass and its glass structure. The student will gain a real insight into the possibilities of glass in the art world and general use. This knowledge then allows him a much better orientation in the possibilities of its use. Knowledge, respecting and correctly using the extraordinary properties of glass is necessary for the successful implementation of the project and also enables effective consultation with glass experts.
|
|
Learning activities and teaching methods
|
|
unspecified
|
| learning outcomes |
|---|
| Knowledge |
|---|
| 1. TE glass, TE glass production process and its block diagram. The name and meaning of the individual technological procedures that are applied in the glass production process and can be presented as a block diagram. Fundamentals of quality control of the production process. |
| 1. TE glass, TE glass production process and its block diagram. The name and meaning of the individual technological procedures that are applied in the glass production process and can be presented as a block diagram. Fundamentals of quality control of the production process. |
| 2. Glass, glass state, structure of glass. Definition of glass, interpretation of glass state, VT diagram of glass, transformation of glass. Glass structure. |
| 2. Glass, glass state, structure of glass. Definition of glass, interpretation of glass state, VT diagram of glass, transformation of glass. Glass structure. |
| 3. Properties of molten glasses- viscosity. Concept of glass viscosity and derivation of its unit. Viscosity curve and its course. Meaning of reference viscosity points. Dependence of viscosity on the chemical composition of glass. The importance of viscosity for glass technology. |
| 3. Properties of molten glasses- viscosity. Concept of glass viscosity and derivation of its unit. Viscosity curve and its course. Meaning of reference viscosity points. Dependence of viscosity on the chemical composition of glass. The importance of viscosity for glass technology. |
| 4. Mechanical properties of glass - glass strength, hardness and brittleness. Why is the strength of glass in compression 10 to 15 times greater than in tension and in what values does it vary. Which factors are decisive for the strength of glass? What are the possibilities of increasing mechanical strength? What is meant by the term grinding hardness? |
| 4. Mechanical properties of glass - glass strength, hardness and brittleness. Why is the strength of glass in compression 10 to 15 times greater than in tension and in what values does it vary. Which factors are decisive for the strength of glass? What are the possibilities of increasing mechanical strength? What is meant by the term grinding hardness? |
| 5. Thermal properties (thermal expansion, thermal conductivity and specific heat capacity). The concept of thermal expansion and its meaning, definition and unit of thermal expansion. Dilation curve and method of determining the value of the transformation temperature Tg and the dilatometric softening point Td. Dependence of thermal expansion on the chemical composition of glass and its additive calculation. How does thermal shock resistance depend on thermal expansion? What is the ring test for? What characterizes the thermal conductivity property and what does it enable? Characterize the specific heat capacity. |
| 5. Thermal properties (thermal expansion, thermal conductivity and specific heat capacity). The concept of thermal expansion and its meaning, definition and unit of thermal expansion. Dilation curve and method of determining the value of the transformation temperature Tg and the dilatometric softening point Td. Dependence of thermal expansion on the chemical composition of glass and its additive calculation. How does thermal shock resistance depend on thermal expansion? What is the ring test for? What characterizes the thermal conductivity property and what does it enable? Characterize the specific heat capacity. |
| 6. Batch, charge, glass raw materials. Preparation of the charge and its introduction into the melting furnace Importance of batch definition and requirements for storage and properties of glass raw materials Division of glass raw materials according to their importance and function in the production of the bath. Basic types of batchhouses. Charging of batch to melting furnaces. |
| 6. Batch, charge, glass raw materials. Preparation of the charge and its introduction into the melting furnace Importance of batch definition and requirements for storage and properties of glass raw materials Division of glass raw materials according to their importance and function in the production of the bath. Basic types of batchhouses. Charging of batch to melting furnaces. |
| 7. Colouring of glass. The physical nature of color perception, the cause of color. Couloring agent- raw materials for coloring glass, their classification and examples. Examples of the most common colorings Colloidal dyes, examples, how to achieve the correct coloring? What types of dyes are used? |
| 7. Colouring of glass. The physical nature of color perception, the cause of color. Couloring agent- raw materials for coloring glass, their classification and examples. Examples of the most common colorings Colloidal dyes, examples, how to achieve the correct coloring? What types of dyes are used? |
| 8. Glass melting 1. Energy consumption of glass melting. The events taking place during smelting and the basic stages taking place during smelting. Chemical reactions between the main raw materials. Skimming - degassing of the melt and his the clearing mechanism. |
| 8. Glass melting 1. Energy consumption of glass melting. The events taking place during smelting and the basic stages taking place during smelting. Chemical reactions between the main raw materials. Skimming - degassing of the melt and his the clearing mechanism. |
| 9. Glass melting 2 The meaning of homogenization and its mechanism. Homogenization flow in tank melting furnaces. Skimming - degassing of the melt Lowering the temperature after melting and finally completing the degassinVolatinatin of volatile components and the ecology of smelting. |
| 9. Glass melting 2 The meaning of homogenization and its mechanism. Homogenization flow in tank melting furnaces. Skimming - degassing of the melt Lowering the temperature after melting and finally completing the degassinVolatinatin of volatile components and the ecology of smelting. |
| 10. Glass melting units. Historical development and inventions of Friedrich Siemens. Types of melting furnaces and their distribution according to the method of operation over time. The most common refractory materials used in glassmaking. Studio glass furnaces, melting process in a pan melting furnace. |
| 10. Glass melting units. Historical development and inventions of Friedrich Siemens. Types of melting furnaces and their distribution according to the method of operation over time. The most common refractory materials used in glassmaking. Studio glass furnaces, melting process in a pan melting furnace. |
| 11. Manual shaping of enamel. Glassware tools and accessories. The principle of filling and shaping the glass on the pipe. The importance of temperature, viscosity, low thermal conductivity and surface tension, which the glassblower must be able to use when shaping the enamel. Basic requirements for glass forms. Types of forms and their characteristics. Optical forms. |
| 11. Manual shaping of enamel. Glassware tools and accessories. The principle of filling and shaping the glass on the pipe. The importance of temperature, viscosity, low thermal conductivity and surface tension, which the glassblower must be able to use when shaping the enamel. Basic requirements for glass forms. Types of forms and their characteristics. Optical forms. |
| Skills |
|---|
| 1. Create a block diagram of the glass production of any chosen product in the correct sequence and explain the meaning of the individual stages. |
| 1. Create a block diagram of the glass production of any chosen product in the correct sequence and explain the meaning of the individual stages. |
| 2. On the VT diagrams of glass and crystalline substance, explain their different course during their cooling. |
| 2. On the VT diagrams of glass and crystalline substance, explain their different course during their cooling. |
| 3. Show the dependence of glass viscosity on temperature (long and short processability interval) with the marking of the viscosity areas of the technological stages of melting, shaping (forming), solidification and cooling. |
| 3. Show the dependence of glass viscosity on temperature (long and short processability interval) with the marking of the viscosity areas of the technological stages of melting, shaping (forming), solidification and cooling. |
| 4. How can we prevent unwanted crystallisation of glass during the production of glass sculpture or cast glass? |
| 4. How can we prevent unwanted crystallisation of glass during the production of glass sculpture or cast glass? |
| 5. What is the basis for increasing the strength of glass by tempering? Which reference viscosity points can be evaluated from the dilatation curve? |
| 5. What is the basis for increasing the strength of glass by tempering? Which reference viscosity points can be evaluated from the dilatation curve? |
| 6. Under what conditions can you process soda that has hardened due to improper storage?. |
| 6. Under what conditions can you process soda that has hardened due to improper storage?. |
| 7. Discoloration of glass, principle and procedure. |
| 7. Discoloration of glass, principle and procedure. |
| 8. Glass melting 1 Explain why bubbles of different sizes behave differently during clarification. |
| 8. Glass melting 1 Explain why bubbles of different sizes behave differently during clarification. |
| 9. Glass melting II What procedures are used to reduce air pollution? |
| 9. Glass melting II What procedures are used to reduce air pollution? |
| 10. Glass melting units. On what principle are electric melting furnaces based? |
| 10. Glass melting units. On what principle are electric melting furnaces based? |
| 11. Hand shaping of glass. What effect does the thermal conductivity of glass have on the uniform thickness of the wall? What is the significance of the ring in the pot? |
| 11. Hand shaping of glass. What effect does the thermal conductivity of glass have on the uniform thickness of the wall? What is the significance of the ring in the pot? |
| teaching methods |
|---|
| Knowledge |
|---|
| Dialogic (Discussion, conversation, brainstorming) |
| Dialogic (Discussion, conversation, brainstorming) |
| Practice exercises |
| Practice exercises |
| Skills |
|---|
| Dialogic (Discussion, conversation, brainstorming) |
| Dialogic (Discussion, conversation, brainstorming) |
| Practice exercises |
| Practice exercises |
| assessment methods |
|---|
| Knowledge |
|---|
| Composite examination (Written part + oral part) |
| Composite examination (Written part + oral part) |
|
Recommended literature
|
-
Blumentrit. Sklářské materiály. SNTL Praha, 1984.
-
Fanderlík,I. Barvení skla. Práh Praha 2009, 2009. ISBN 978-80-7252-3.
-
Olga Drahotová a kolektiv. Historie sklářské výroby v českých zemích I. II. Praha, 2005.
-
Petrášová, H. a kol. Technologie skla pro 2.ročník SPŠ sklářských. SNTL Praha , 1982.
-
Petrášová, H. a kol. Technologie skla pro 3. ročník SPŠ sklářských. SNTL Praha, 1984.
-
Smrček,A. a kol. Tavení skla. Česká sklářská společnost o.s. Jablonec nad Nisou, 2008. ISBN 978-80-904044-0-3.
-
Špaček,J.,Pešek,K. Zdobení a zušlechťování skla v huti. SNTL Praha, 1971.
|